On-Site Inspection by Pilot
We are a legally registered entity with the Civil Aeronautics Administration and have extensive experience in applying for flight permissions in restricted zones. Prior to each operation, we obtain the necessary approvals and conditions from the relevant authorities. Based on the site information form provided by the client, a certified UAV pilot will conduct the aerial inspection with professional equipment on the day of the operation. The flight is carried out under suitable conditions — solar irradiance above 600 W/m², the PV system in power generation mode, and module surfaces free from significant soiling (as heavy soiling can create hot spots that interfere with the identification of other thermal defects). All UAV equipment is covered by UAV liability insurance. After the inspection, the certified pilot uploads the collected data through the IRUAV APP ( Pilot data upload function) for subsequent AI analysis and expert verification.
AI Analysis and Expert Verification
We have extensive experience in thermal imaging inspection of various types of solar power systems. By collecting a large amount of thermal and visible images from outdoor PV systems, we have conducted one of the most detailed classifications of thermal defects in the industry and established a comprehensive database. Currently, our AI model achieves an average accuracy rate exceeding 90% and has been fully integrated into the IRUAV Analysis dual-spectrum analysis software (Invention Patent No. I727785). During operation, AI performs the initial analysis, followed by expert verification to achieve nearly 100% accuracy. As solar module technologies continue to evolve and installation environments diversify, the AI model must continuously improve and undergo expert validation to ensure high precision.
Cloud Visualization System
To help clients efficiently manage their large portfolios of solar assets, we have developed a cloud-based visualization system (Utility Model Patent No. M659668 / Technical Report Code 6). This system stores and displays thermal aerial inspection result and can automatically generate standardized inspection reports. Users can access the cloud visualization system through the IRUAV APP, which is available on both desktop and mobile devices. The built-in search function allows users to quickly locate sites, and thermal defects mapped directly on orthophotos enable O&M personnel to pinpoint abnormal modules accurately and efficiently. The historical data comparison feature functions like a health check-up, while the maintenance log records the status of issue handling. This platform is a critical data-driven management tool for solar asset operators.
Module Power Measurement
According to the characteristics of crystalline silicon solar modules, a temperature change of 1 °C results in a 0.4–0.5% variation in output power. To standardize the evaluation of PV module performance, the IEC has established the Standard Test Conditions (STC): 25 °C, 1000 W/m² irradiance, and AM 1.5 standard spectrum, under which laboratory testing is conducted. If the system’s actual power generation falls short of expectations and no obvious thermal defects are detected through aerial thermal inspection, selected modules can be sent to the laboratory for STC power testing to determine whether there is abnormal power degradation (e.g., LeTID).
Electroluminescence Measurement
For the vast number of solar modules installed outdoors, it is very difficult to detect internal damage with the naked eye. If a certain number of non-shading hot spots are identified through aerial thermal inspection, several modules can be selected for EL (Electroluminescence) testing in the laboratory based on the inspection results. This test utilizes the electroluminescence characteristics of the module by injecting a specific current. The more defects there are, the weaker the emitted light becomes. Any issues such as cell breakage, microcracks, or broken busbars can be clearly revealed. By analyzing the defect patterns, the cause of the anomaly can be further determined. If the issue is related to module quality, the laboratory report is more likely to be recognized and accepted.
Dry and Moisture Insulation Measurement
The operating voltage of solar power systems typically reaches 1000–1500 V, and this high voltage is present within the system conductors. If the insulation materials of the PV modules—such as the backsheet or EVA—deteriorate over time, leakage current may occur, leading to inverter tripping or even electric shock hazards. In such cases, laboratory dry/wet insulation current testing can be performed to verify the dielectric strength of the module insulation under high voltage. The test condition involves applying 1000 V plus twice the system voltage to the junction box connectors and aluminum frame. If the calculated insulation resistance after testing is below 40 MΩ/m², it indicates potential degradation of the module’s insulation performance or materials.
Cybersecurity-Certified UAV
In addition to our own development of UAV and telescopic pole inspection solutions, we also closely monitor the rapid growth of the drone industry. In recent years, with strong government support, Taiwan has been actively fostering the UAV sector. A domestic supply chain and national drone team have gradually taken shape, and a cybersecurity certification framework is being established. Taiwanese manufacturers have independently developed key technologies, including flight controllers, ground control station systems, RTK modules, triple-sensor camera units, motors, and batteries. We are actively evaluating UAV equipment that has passed cybersecurity certification and plan to integrate it into our platform as operational tools for solar PV system inspections commissioned by government agencies. Initial results are expected in 2026.
DJI Enterprise Drones
From flight control systems and aerial platform design to multi-axis gimbals and high-resolution image transmission, DJI products are widely used in aerial photography, filmmaking, mapping, firefighting, rescue, and the energy sector. Our platform has successfully integrated Mavic 3T, Matrice 4T, and Matrice 350 RTK + H20T for thermal aerial inspection operations. We also developed the IRUAV APP (pilot data upload function) to enable pilots to collect and upload complete datasets to the platform for analysis. In addition, we sell UAV models compatible with the platform and provide official after-sales support.
Pilot Training Courses
The accuracy of inspection results depends on the quality of data collected by the pilot. This training course is based on the IEC 62446-3 technical standard and explains how to operate platform-compatible industrial UAVs and the IRUAV APP (pilot data upload function). The program combines theory and hands-on practice, covering three key topics: ① Principles of thermal aerial inspection and related technical documentation ② Key points of industrial UAV operation and Civil Aeronautics Administration regulations ③ Usage of the IRUAV APP. The course includes 3 hours of online training and 2 hours of outdoor field training.
